Unit+7++Urbanization+&+Services

__ ** A. URBANIZATION AND SERVICES UNIT TABLE OF CONTENTS ** __ • Vocabulary list and terms • Reading Guides Notes in date order – Urban notes/models, urban sprawl and sustainability fill in notes, Central Place Theory * Handouts/Activities – PIGS/World cities map, Urban sprawl/Legos cities map chart/questions, Cities video, Transportation/urban growth reading, CPT chart/map, Supermarket video


 * B. Urban/services vocab - **


 * boomburb ** can be simply stated as a rapidly growing large suburb. Robert Lang from the Metropolitan Institute of Virginia Tech (which is located in suburban Washington, DC, nowhere near the actual Virginia Tech) coined the term in 2001, and applied the 100K population qualifier as well as double-digit population growth over one or more decennial census. Lang’s book titled Boomburbs came out in 1997 just in time for the real estate crash. Unfortunately for Lang, in most cases the economic conditions for such growth no longer exists. I would make sure that students don’t confuse Lang’s “boomburb” with Garreau’s (1981) “edge city” which has a different set of numerical and systemic qualifiers.

**Zone of abandonment** is not a term that is used in any of the classic models of urban form. It’s something that may be used to describe an area of a specific city (depopulated neighborhoods in Detroit being the most cited case). This designation is temporary as these zones are often repurposed.


 * C. Urban/services reading guides **

Kahoot quizzes for Urban geography > https://create.kahoot.it/#quiz/3746243f-43f9-4ce6-8b3b-ad6a90ded2c9 Urban models prezi > @https://prezi.com/fcwaxbtenhy2/city-models-of-the-global-periphery-semiperiphery/?utm_campaign=share&utm_medium=copy ​
 * D. RESOURCES **

@http://valdezonline.weebly.com/global-city-models.html  @https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/woernerc/models-2-12840704
 * World Cities Models graphics > 2 links (European City model, etc... )**

Middle East/Islamic Cities model - from the author! History of urbanization > http://teacherweb.ftl.pinecrest.edu/snyderd/APHG/Unit%206/urbannotes.htm Good article about urbanization and sprawl in Houston from The Economist > http://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21646221-americas-fastest-growing-metropolis-faces-up-cheaper-oil-life-sprawl
 * Islamic City model**

__**Transportation and Urban growth reading**__



__**E. urban/services notes**__



Youtube Urban notes > [] Youtube Services notes > [] __**F. URBAN -SERVICES exam review**__
 * NatGeo Megacities video** > https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K9mJAdO0KsM


 * __ G. OUTLINE __**
 * __ VII. Cities and Urban Land Use __**

The course divides urban geography into two subfields. The first is the study of systems of cities, focusing on where cities are located and why they are there. This involves an examination of such topics as the current and historical distribution of cities; the political, economic, and cultural functions of cities; reasons for differential growth among cities; and types of transportation and communication linkages among cities. Theories of settlement geography, such as Christaller’s central place theory, the rank-size rule, and the gravity model, are introduced. Quantitative information on such topics as population growth, migration, zones of influence, and employment is used to analyze changes in the urban hierarchy.

The second subfield focuses on the form, internal structure, and landscapes of cities and emphasizes what cities are like as places in which to live and work. Students are introduced to such topics as the analysis of patterns of urban land use, ethnic segregation, types of intracity transportation, architectural traditions (e .g ., neoclassical, modern, postmodern), cycles of uneven development, and environmental justice (e .g ., the disproportionate location of polluting industries in low-income or minority residential areas). Students’ understanding of cities as places is enhanced by both quantitative data from the census and qualitative information from narrative

accounts and field studies. Students also study models of internal city structure and development in the United States and Canada (e .g ., the Burgess concentric zone model, the Hoyt sector model, the Harris–Ullman multiple nuclei model, and the galactic city model) and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these theories. Topics such as economic systems, housing finance, culture, architectural history, and innovations in transportation can be useful in the analysis of spatial patterns of urban landscapes. Although much of the literature in urban geography focuses on the cities of North America, comparative urbanization is an increasingly important topic. The study of European, North African and Middle Eastern, East and South Asian, Latin American, and sub-Saharan African cities serves to illustrate how differing economic systems and cultural values can lead to variations in the spatial structures and urban landscapes.

Students also examine current trends in urban development that are affecting urban places, such as the emergence of edge cities, new urbanism, smart growth, and the gentrification of neighborhoods. In addition, students evaluate sustainable urban- planning design initiatives and community actions, such as the bikeways and walkable mixed-use commercial and residential developments that reduce energy use and protect the environments of future cities.

**VII. Cities and Urban Land Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13–17%** A. Development and character of cities 1 . Origin of cities; ** //site and situation characteristics// ** 2 . Forces driving urbanization 3 . ** //Borchert’s epochs of urban transportation development// ** 4 . World cities and megacities 5 . Suburbanization processes B. Models of urban hierarchies: reasons for the distribution and size of cities 1 . Gravity model 2 . Christaller’s central place theory 3 . Rank-size rule 4 . ** //Primate cities// ** C. Models of internal city structure and urban development: ** //strengths and limitations of models// ** 1 . ** //Burgess concentric zone model// ** D. Built environment and social space 1 . Types of residential buildings 2 . Transportation and utility infrastructure 3 . Political organization of urban areas 4 . Urban planning and design ** //(e .g ., gated communities, New Urbanism, and smart-growth policies)// ** 5 . Census data on urban ethnicity, gender, migration, and socioeconomic status 6 . Characteristics and types of edge cities ** //: boomburgs, greenfields, uptowns// ** E. Contemporary urban issues 1 . ** //Housing and insurance discrimination, and access to food stores// ** 2 . Changing demographic, employment, and social structures 3 . Uneven development, ** //zones of abandonment, disamenity,// ** ** //and gentrification// ** 4 . Suburban sprawl and urban sustainability problems: ** //land and energy use, cost of expanding public education services, home financing and debt crises// ** 5 . Urban environmental issues: ** //transportation, sanitation, air and water// **** //quality, remediation of brownfields, and farmland protection// **
 * //2 . Hoyt sector model// **
 * //3 . Harris and Ullman multiple nuclei model// **
 * //4 . Galactic city model// **
 * //5 . Models of cities in Latin America, North Africa and the Middle East, sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia, and South Asia// **

1617 not used > __** URBAN GEOGRAPHY WEB EXERCISE LINKS > **__ PART 1 > Link is broken, use file below OR go to S drive/Wurst/APHG/Urban/Urban folder/#1 []

PART 2 Use [|www.google.com] PART 3 http://www.geoearth.uncc.edu/faculty/hscampbe/Landuse/Bidrent.html PART 4

http://geography.about.com/od/urbaneconomicgeography/a/Urban-Geography-Models.htm Orginal link is unhappy, try these > [] [] []

http://www.geoearth.uncc.edu/faculty/hscampbe/Landuse/3models.html PART 5



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PART 6 Use pp 410-418 in your book or **426 - 434 in the class set book** xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

URBAN SPRAWL NOTES/VIDEOS (If videos don't work, try finding them on Youtube. They are also on the student drive at school.) Fill-In notes ppt > Florida video media type="file" key="Celebration__Florida__An_Exemplary_Planned_Community.asf" width="300" height="300" Phoenix video media type="file" key="Phoenix__AZ__A_Dramatic_Example_of_Urban_Growth_and_Growing_Pain.asf" width="300" height="300" Portland video

media type="file" key="Portland__OR__A_Strategically_Planned_City.asf" width="300" height="300"